Abstract: Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Xianfang Chengqi decoction in the treatment of severe hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) encephalitis.Methods:A total of 104 children with HFMD (phase Ⅱ,phase of neurological involvement) were included in the study ,who received treatment in Xi'an Northern Hospital from Mar. 2014 to June 2016,and they were randomly divided into two groups: observation group(n=52) and control group（n=52）.Both groups received symptomatic supportive treatment with antiviral medicine and abatement of fever and fluid infusion. The control group was also given intravenous drip of human immunoglobulin, and the observation group was given rectal dripping of Xianfang Chengqi decoction. After two days of treatment, the clinical effect of the two groups was observed, as well as the time period of gastrointestinal dysfunction, fever, shaking, skittishness, abnormal blood pressure and abnormal heart rate, and the length of hospital stay and adverse reactions.Results:The effective rate of observation group was 86.6%（45/52）,significantly higher than that of control group(42.35%,22/52),the difference being statistical(P<0.05).The time period of fever, shaking, being skittish, abnormal blood pressure, abnormal heart rate and hospital stay in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in control group, and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions in both groups.Conclusion:Xianfang Chenqi decoction for rectal dripping can inhibit and block the disease in the treatment of severe hand-foot-mouth disease encephalitis. It is significantly effective, safe and easy to operate.

Key words: Severe hand-foot-mouth disease, Purging organs to eliminate heat, Xianfang Chengqi decoction, Child